Google’s Channel Strategy

Google’s corporate strategy can be divided into four segments: Product and Marketing strategy, Competition strategy, Growth strategy, and Financial strategy. Google has a strategic orientation of immediate policy focus, for example, the company’s concern for competition associated matters. In other words, Google is more inclined to find the need to beat rivals rather than being held up with a strategic policy. Therefore, product orientation strategy has an immense predisposition to identify faults and space of rivals and getting in there to diminish the competition.They are also highly focused on which segments of the mass market are neglected and would afford their products. This includes whether to expand in a certain region or pull out of an area due to failure to achieve set goals. The marketing strategy is influenced by the approach of product placement. Google would like to make the glasses accessible to everyone. It is a device that can be used by the mass market and Google has the background and tools to market successfully to those targets. They want to make it usable for all groups and that means making the device simple and easy to use.Google’s growth is immensely mounting and is directly associated with the managing of customer relations. Google’s made a great choice to grow through their customers because their technological capabilities such as detection of bad practices, customer feedback, information management and result analysis have improved greatly through staying connected to a loyal customer base. Through the eyes of the customer, Google has matured through new products and services such as Google Calendar, Groups, Gmail, Docs, Mobile, Maps, Blogger, and more that have all successfully given the customers their satisfaction.Their growth ties in with their devotion to focus on the user and having all else follow. Google knows that they are a Search Company first. This means that Google recognizes what they are be st at, and to do that one thing, which is to solve search problems, to the best of their ability and focus mainly on that. Secondly, they try to improve in the areas that they are somewhat weak in. But this doesn’t mean they lose focus of their strategy of putting their strengths first and improving them to such a degree to create an everlasting competitive advantage. Google’s distribution objective is to increase exposure to the business markets.We will be exclusively dealing because it encourages marketing support. We will be able to work with another company in getting the product out there and making it known while Google doesn’t have to bear the whole burden. It also allows Google to be a step ahead of its competitors in having a big retailer to sell through and having them only committed to Google. This gives Google a great advantage over their competitors and separates Google from their competitors. There are three main goals for distribution. First, Goog le will have functioning marketing channels within 1 year after launch.This will allow them to transport and store goods as well as gather information and market research in order to plan and assist in exchange. Second, Google will gain market share in the consumer cell phone market within 2 years. From this, Google then poses a challenge towards its competitors by offering a better performance through introducing an innovative new product and gaining a competitive edge. The last goal is that Google Glasses becomes the dominant business communication tool within 3 years. It’s a one of a kind product as or right now and getting a head start allows Google to achieve this objective.Their strategy for differentiation is to gain direct access to business clients to support distribution goals. With goals come key issues that affect the attainment thereof. Google has to create relationships with its channel members. They need to have cooperation and collaboration to create synergy. Along with this, proper training and execution of sales force to target business market needs to be implemented. Creating such a motivating channel member force will only bring positive rewards towards making this product a success and accomplishing our goal to get it in the hands of those that Google is pursuing.

Pasyon: a Factor That Shaped the Filipinos’ Identity Essay

The review of the literature for this study focuses on the significance of the Pasyon as one of the popular forms of literature that seems to have fascinated people throughout the centuries. This focuses on a number of different studies and published articles that supports the former statement. Many writers have proclaimed that Pasyon was used by the Spanish as one of the factors to slowly conquer the Philippines, in which it created a big impact in the minds of every Filipinos. One of these is Reynaldo Ileto who alluded to this significance: â€Å"One of the principal ideas developed in this study is that the masses experience of Holy Week fundamentally shaped the style of peasant brother- hoods and uprisings during (the Spanish and early American colonial periods. Instead of glorifying the ancient rituals of the babaylane’s (native priests) as evocative of the true native spirit, the fact has to be accepted that the majority of the lowland Filipinos were converted to Spanish Catholicism. [†¦] The various rituals of Holy week, particularly the reading of the story of Jesus Christ â€Å"(Pasyon and Revolution, 1840-1910). Paul Spickard in his work, Race and Nation, quoted that â€Å"Colonialism seem to always result in â€Å"racialized† hierarchies between conquering people and the conquered. Colonialism brought many common items to the places that were colonized and resulted into rapid decline of the native’s culture, language, and traditions. Terms and Concepts Words matter. In this research, one finds several terms and concepts that are used in different chapters. Here are their definitions that will guide and give us a little background about the study. Pabasa ng Pasyon. The Pasyon is normally heard during Holy Week in the Philippines, where its recitation, known as the Pabasa (â€Å"Reading†) can span several days over the course of the period, extending no later thanBlack Saturday. Readers will chant the verses of the Pasyon without pause from beginning to end in front of a specially-constructed shrine or altar. This non-stop reading of the Pasyon is facilitated by the chanters working in shifts. The reading of Pasyon must be finished before 3 pm of Good Friday (the time when Jesus died on the cross). Musical accompaniment to its recitation is practised by some though is by no means universal. (Pasyon, Wikipedia. org) Before evolving into the contemporary version of the reading and chanting ritual in the Philippines during the Lenten season, the early form of the pabasa was introduced to the indigenous people of the Philippine islands by Spanish friars. The Spaniards brought Catholicism to the Philippines. Gradually, over the period of Spanish colonialism in the Philippines (1521–1898), the ancient Filipinos adapted the religious chanting introduced by the Spanish priests and incorporated it to their own custom of singing epics during native celebrations. (Pabasa (ritual), Wikipedia. org) Race One finds the word â€Å"race† used to refer to particular group of people competing each other for power or control. Race is one of the factors that shape the relationship between peoples. According to the pseudoscientists, there are big races (perhaps four or five of them). In this view, race is about biology, genes, phenotype, and the body. It is physical, inherited, and immutable. The races are discrete from each other. Each race has not only specific distinguishing body features- skin color, hair texture, nose shape, and so forth- but specific character qualities that cannot be erased; they may be suppressed, but eventually they will come out. These qualities are cultural aspects, such as language, citizen, religion, child rearing practices, food habits clothing, and so forth. (Paul Spickard, Race and Nation, 2005) Language One finds the word, â€Å"language† used to refer to a complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various modes for thought and communication (qtd in COMA 104 notes). Language may refer either to the specifically human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of such a system of complex communication. The scientific study of language in any of its senses is called linguistics (language, Wikipedia. org). Culture One finds the word, â€Å"culture† used to refer to the totality of group’s thought, experience, and patterns of behaviour and its concepts values and assumptions about life that guide behaviour. (qtd. in COMA 104 notes) C. Statement of the Problem Looking now at the present context, many had claimed that the Filipino Language, culture, as well as history and identity were all distorted out of its original shape, its original civilization. Using the pasyon as one of the tools introduced by Spaniards to slowly conquer the Philippines, we focus on this main question, what are the impacts of the Pasyon and its influences that shaped the Filipinos identity? Here are some additional questions that help us determine the first question: What are the factors that affect the perception of both races in understanding the pasyon. Do both races have different understanding on the reading? How did the translation affect or create an impact to the people’s perception? Moreover, what were the other Christianization Strategies employed by Spaniards to successfully convert the Filipinos to Roman Catholicism given the fact that the both sides were having communication problems? To answer these queries, we are going to examine the content and the history of the pasyon particularly the Pasyon Mahal. And also, we will study both races (Spanish and Filipino) to determine how the pasyon influenced their culture, language, and values to what it is today. D. Objectives of the Study The general objective of the study is to identify the changes and transformation of the Filipino society in terms of the influences brought by the Pasyon. We are also interested in the different custom, tradition, and ideas brought by the colonizers during their invasion. For the most part, Pasyon will be examined as one of the main reasons of how our culture, race and language in the Philippines evolve. We will also analyse and appreciate the content of the pasyon as a factor that shaped the Filipinos identity; and to be able to learn how the Filipino culture and language evolved and adjusted for many years so to understand also the current situation of Filipinos identity. Pasyon was used by the Spanish colonizers as one of their Christianization Strategies; therefore we will also look for the impacts employed by the said reading in Filipinos original customs and tradition. Lastly we will explain why both races have their own perception in understanding the Pasyon. E. Theoretical and Conceptual framework Theoretical framework The following are the theories and concepts related to this study: Medium Theory -medium affects perception, also known as channel theory, or media formalism. McLuhan (1964) challenged conventional definitions when he claimed that the medium is the message. With this claim, he stressed how channels differ, not only in terms of their content, but also in regard to how they awaken and alter thoughts and senses. He distinguished media by the cognitive processes each required. McLuhan popularized the idea that channels are a dominant force that must be understood to know how the media influence society and culture. (Medium theory, utwente. nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/) Standpoint Theory A standpoint influences how the people adopting it socially construct the world. Social group membership affects people’s standpoints. The inequalities of different social groups create differences in their standpoints (Standpoint Theory, Wikipedia. org). Conceptual framework Sapir- Whorf hypothesis would help us understand the different perceptions of the different races with different language of an event with the same situation. Since it assumes that different language produce different way of behaviour, this could help solve our question: â€Å"Do both races have different understanding on the reading? †. This would help us understand that the impacts of the pasyon could have produced more than one In media theory, it is supposed that medium affects perception. This idea would help us lead to a conclusion on how the Pasyon was presented to the audience as the factor that affects their understanding. While the standpoint theory, could help us solve the problem by making social status as the main factor of the problem since it indicates that people with different social levels have different perceptions since they are affected by the hierarchies they are in. F. Significance of the study As Communication Arts students, we believe that this study will help us deepen our understanding about language and culture, particularly in race and language where we can see the relation of how race, language and culture gradually changes. By this we will fully understand how these three elements are continuously shaping each other. We will also learn to see how people in early times communicate and how they relate messages in to reality. In this case, we will have the idea on how people have varieties of notions and interpretations depending on the situation they are in. We are looking forward that our study will also contribute to the body of literature, specifically, to the history of Philippine literature. In terms of appreciation of our Philippine culture, this study aims to seek and value the early literatures written by our early writers here in the Philippines and how this writings awakened the minds of our early heroes. It would also make us understand that the religion of most Filipino today is not solely influenced by the colonizers but a religion gradually modified by our very own native Filipinos. Chapter II Research methodology A. Research design Content analysis or textual analysis is a methodology in the social sciences for studying the content of communication. Earl Babbie defines it as â€Å"the study of recorded human communications, such as books, websites, paintings and laws. † According to Dr. Farooq Joubish, content analysis is considered a scholarly methodology in the humanities by which texts are studied as to authorship, authenticity, or meaning. Harold Lasswell formulated the core questions of content analysis: â€Å"Who says what, to whom, why, to what extent and with what effect?. â€Å"Ole Holsti (1969) offers a broad definition of content analysis as â€Å"any technique for making inferences by objectively and systematically identifying specified characteristics of messages. † Procedure This introduction to case study research draws upon six processes: B. Method of Analysing the Data Since we are determined to seek for the history and analyse the content of the Pasyon, a certain descriptive data, must undergo the process of case study method to fully understand its contents. We will access the existing information gathered from the past as well as to dissect the contents into different parts (preferably stanza by stanza) for us to comprehend its ideas and the meanings it imparted. By using the method of case study, we will see why the pasyon has two contradictory functions in the past society. To expand, we will determine and define the research questions, which are already stated in the former part of this paper; Select the cases and determine data gathering and analysis techniques; Prepare to collect the data, since we already have the existing datum, which is a copy of Reynaldo Ileto’s pasyon and revolution book; Collect data in the field, collect records that are related to the making of the Pasyon and how it was used by the early people, considering also its impacts imparted to the society; Evaluate and analyze the data, scrutinized the contents of the said records, and relay it to explain the ideas imparted, say the stanzas of the pasyon and how the Filipino culture relate it to their way of life, next, we also need to compare these collected data and look for the similarities as well as the differences of the subjects, say the culture of the Spanish against the culture of the native Filipinos. Chapter IIIResults and discussion. In this study, we used the Pasyon Pilapil, since it is commonly used, actually the second, and the least-polished of three Church-approved pasyons. This popular name for the Casaysayan of 1814 originates from a traditional belief that it was written by a native priest named Mariano Pilapil, but recent scholarship has established that Pilapil merely edited the 1814 text, the author of which remains unknown (Ileto, 12). For the Content itself: In Reynaldo Ileto’s textual analysis of Pasyon, he claimed that the existence of Jesus Christ was concurrent to the mass’ experiences where His sufferings are much closely understood by the peasant Filipinos, as if their agonies are much like His. Say for example, despite the fact that from the Spanish perspective, the more effective tool, to discourage Indios from enriching and educating themselves to the point where they might constitute a threat to colonial rule, is the pasyon, the perspective of the mass audience, the identification of the wealthy, educated Pharisees, maginoo and pinunong bayan (local Ieaders) with Christ’s tormentors could not fail to have radical implications in actual life. Take the following pasyon Stanzas in which the priests and gentry demand that Pilate sentence Jesus to death (Ileto, 15-16): At caming nagcacapisan dito sa iyong harapan (And we gathered here before your Excellency) Guinoo’t, pinunorig bayan, (Are aristocrats and town chiefs) di mu pa paniualaan (So you have no reason to doubt) sa mga sumbong ng tanan. (all our accusations. ) Caming naghahabla rito (We plaintiffs here) di sinungaling na tauo mayayama,t, maguinoo (Are truthful people gentlemen of rank and wealth) houag nang paniindimin mo (so away with your misgivings) hatulan mo nang totoo. (hand down the verdict. ) (114:6-7) The words were used as obviously boastful and vain that to the extent it imparted an idea of aggression against the weak and poor, making more the character of Christ as the opposite personality. As for the Filipinos, the pasyon carries a language that attracted them to become like the characters of Christ. It gave them a feeling of subversion, a feeling to oppose the â€Å"maguinoong† friars. Even if we, for the moment, limit our attention to the Pasyon Pilapil as a text, it’s bearing on popular movements and social unrest can already be seen. For one thing, the inclusion of episodes relating to the Creation of the World, the Fall of Man, and the Last Judgment makes the Pasyon Pilapil image of universal history, the beginning and end of time, rather than a simple gospel story. In its narration of Christ suffering, death, and resurrection, and of the Day of judgement it provides powerful images of transition from one state or era to another. † (Ileto, 14) The material contains encouragement of revolt against the abusive controls of those who are in power more than the Spanish’s plan of taming and encouraging acceptance of the church since the characters encrypted have symbolism that is not far from the masses (Christ) and Spanish colonizers (Roman Friars) roles in reality. In terms of observing the context structure and word translations, it can be purely seen that errors in composition are highly persistent. â€Å"The Pasyon Pilapil was, in fact, soundly criticized in the late nineteenth century by Aniceto de la Merced, a native priest, in a pamphlet titled Manga Puna (critique). The account, writes De Ia Merced, will open your eyes to the errors, unnoticed hut rampant in that book called Pasong Mahal, which is really the work of an ignoramus. ’ The major criticisms of the Pasyon Pilapil are its incoherence, faulty scholarship, repetitiveness, and clumsy, inaccurate use of language. † (Ileto, 13) However, in terms of the translation, we found out that the original Pasyon, which we discovered that it was really a Filipino who wrote the book. Gaspar Aquino de Belen, a bilingual poet and a translator made the first Pasyon under the order of the Spanish missionaries, the Encomienda System that orders the people to convert the people into Catholic religion. In this case, we found out that neither the Pasyon was modified from the Book of the Bible and was from Spanish nor from Roman origin thus it was a customization of the story of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. However, in terms of the alteration of the meaning, though the text was converted and modified, we have observed that the sense that the reading wants to impart are still the same since both the Bible and The Pasyon contains the story and the life of Jesus Christ, though the latter is in poetic form. For Social Hierarchy It was said that the power dynamic that makes racial difference historically has been tied to colonialism. Some, incorporated fairly fully, forcing their national language (or atleast its writing system) (Paul Spickard, Race and Nation, 2005). In, Leslie E. Bauzon’s work, â€Å"Influence of the Spanish Culture†, she pointed out that Spaniards transplanted their social, economic, and political institutions for about 333 years of colonial sovereign (1565-1898). Moreover, in order to administer the Philippines, the Spaniards extended their royal government to the Filipinos. This highly centralized governmental system was theocratic. There was a union of Church and State. The Roman Catholic Church was equal to and coterminous with the State. In addition, when we look into the perspective of the colonizers, the use of the pasyon simply affirms prevailing social structure in which the virtue of meekness and resignation to suffering, rather than the confrontation of the oppression, seems to have been encouraged. Filipinos then, were isolated in the idea that a Christian must follow its duties because reward is forthcoming in heaven. Because of that it was obvious that the Spaniards take advantage of the situation that the natives will not rebel against them since they respect the Friars as a leader who teaches the gospel of the Lord. Meaning, having the thought of opposing the Catholic Church, suggests that you also oppose God. (Filipino Heritage. com) Therefore, it could be the influenced of the colonizer’s social status in which they stand as the powerful and dominant in which the natives did not seem to see the idea of revolution. Since, the area where they view the framework is less viewable than the view of the others who sees it. However, on the side of those who were classified as low class, the native Filipino, the interpretations of the pasyon are more viewed as a social awakeners and generator of revolution than just a pure passionate reading for the religion. Just like what the Standpoint theory tells, â€Å". The inequalities of different social groups create differences in their standpoints. † It was clear that there were functions in which the pasyon may alter popular consciousness. However, because of the social levels they are in, the interpretations of the meanings of the book were altered. For the Culture (in terms of religion) To understand this factor, it is good to look back the practices and behaviour they both (Spaniards and Filipino) had before the colonization take place. There, we must observe, and study their similarities and differences. For the Spanish: Spain, as it has been observed, is a nation-state born out of religious struggle mainly between Catholicism and Islam, but also against Judaism (site) The culture of Spain is a European culture based on a variety of influences. These include the pre-Roman cultures, mainly the celts and the Iberians cultures; but mainly in the period of Roman influences. In the areas of language and religion, the Ancient Romans left a lasting legacy. The subsequent course of Spanish history also added elements to the country’s cultural development. [†¦] Spain became an almost entirely Roman Catholic country and Catholicism became their state religion in 1851. (Culture of Spain, Wikipedia. org) For the Filipinos, their God, Bathala was the supreme god of the pre-Spanish Filipinos. They attributed to Bathala, the creator of the heavens, Earth, and man. There were lesser gods and goddesses, like a god of death, a god of agriculture, a goddess of harvest, sea gods, river gods, and the like. It was also believed that things found in nature were full of spirits more powerful than man was. Spirits of dead relatives were also revered. Sacrifices were offered to all of them. The ancient Filipinos believed in the immortality of the soul and in life after death. Disease or illness was attributed to the whims of the environmental spirits and the soul-spirits of the dead relatives. The pre-Spanish Filipinos also revered idols, called anitos in Tagalog and diwata in Visayan. These seem to be the counterparts of the present saints, to whom Filipinos offer prayers and food, much like their ancestors did. (Philippine History, asiarecipe. com) Their likenesses of their religion are much likely far from each other. As we observe, Spanish religion is purely an influence from Roman civilization and Filipino religion is a culture that blooms naturally as their civilization grows. The Spanish believes in one God hence, Filipinos were animists. That is why, when the colonization took over, majority of the Filipinos rejected their own religion. Moreover, considering some factors that give difficulties to penetrate the areas, colonizer almost failed their mission. However, in 1599, negotiation began between a number of chieftains, their freemen, and the Spaniards. The natives agreed to submit to the rule of a Castilian king and in return, the natives were indoctrinated into Christianity and were protected from their enemies, mostly Japanese, Chinese, and Muslim pirates. However, the conquest and conversion efforts were neither as easy nor as negotiable as this contract. The missionaries faced many obstacles and successes along the path to Christianization. [†¦] When, Miguel Lopez de Legaspi set up the colonial system beginning 1565, he implemented an encomienda system where a native could acquire land if he underwent baptism and registered as a Catholic. Massive conversion occurred at this time. Many of which have, since then, adopted the same values of Catholics. It was clear to understand that they accepted the conversion only for protection and not as a pure religion. (Roman Catholic, Wikipedia. org) The pasyon is a Tagalog prayer book introduced by the missionaries and one of the tactics used for evangelism. Because of that, there is be a possibility that if natives refuse to follow the Spaniards, it could be an act of revolt of their new religion since they still have the faith of the former beliefs and since the conversion was only forced. However, these evidences are not strong enough to support the culture as the main factor that triggers different understanding on the reading. Moreover, as the colonization took place, and the catholic religion was introduced, the religious culture was slowly evolving and modified by several aspects, one of these is the Pasyon. â€Å"But like other regions of Southeast Asia which â€Å"domesticated† Hindu, Buddhist, Confucian, and Islamic influences, the Philippines, despite the fact that Catholicism was more often than not imposed on it by Spanish missionaries, creatively evolved its own brand of folk Christianity from which was drawn much of the language of anticolonialism in the late nineteenth century† (Ileto, 11-12) Chapter IV: Summary, Conclusion and recommendation The Pabasa or Pasyon have become a part of the Filipinos religious life ever since the colonization begun. As what history tells, it was used to tame and convert the native Filipino from being pagans to Christian. But, unfortunately the function did not worked accordingly to the Spanish since it had caused the Filipino people to revolt against them. It had become a tool that helped the Filipinos awaken their minds and thought about their present standing. We will try to determine the major factor that contribute to this event by gathering data, analyze and evaluate the data collected. Our findings lead us to this conclusion, according to the numbers of reliable data and by deep analyzing of the three supposed factors, the content of the pasyon and the social hierarchies are the main roots why the revolts of the mass have ascended. Though we consider the culture in terms of religious aspects as an undersized contributor, it is likely stands more on the fact that the culture is the one modified by the Pasyon since the beliefs of the Philippine culture eventually changed in time colonization. Bibliography Ileto, Reynaldo. Pasyon and Revolution; Popular Movements in the Philippines. Manila, Philippines: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1979 Spickard, Paul. Race and Nation: ethnic systems in the modern world. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2005 Language Definitions. 26 September 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 26 September 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Medium Theory. 7 Sep 2010. University of Twente. 7 Sep 2010. < http://www. utwente. nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/> Pabasa (ritual). 11 July 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 11 July 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Pasyon. 19 July 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 19 July 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Roman Catholicism in the Philippines. 26 September 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 26September 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Standpoint theory. 29 April 2011. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia. 29 April 2011. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki>. Vanzi, Sol Jose. â€Å"FIRST TAGALOG ‘PASYON’ A BESTSELLER. † PHILIPPINE HEADLINE NEWS ONLINE. (4 April 2007): 20 Sept. 2011 Language and Culture notes. (COMA 104 Class) Spanish Influence on Language, Culture, and Philippine History. Spanish Made easy for Filipinos. 26 September 2011.

Activties - Training and career Dev Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Kindergarten Classroom Design and Child Development Research Proposal

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Sexual Deviance Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sexual Deviance - Term Paper Example This essay will examine each of these, as well as looking at one particular deviancy, voyeurism, and determine how this is assessed. Assessing Sexual Deviance One way to assess sexual deviancy is a method known as penile plethysmograph (Simon et al. 1991). This is a way of measuring tumescence in response to fantasy or laboratory stimuli. According to Simon (1991), this method assumes a somewhat controversial theoretical explanation of sexual deviance. And this theoretical explanation for sexual deviance is that if there is a penile arousal, then there would be corresponding overt sexual acts. As noted above, however, this method is considered to be controversial because many sexual deviants actually are not able to obtain erection – for instance, many pedophiles are actually impotent, and sometimes there are exhibitionists who also cannot get an erection. However, this is one method of assessment, so it should be examined further (Simon, 1991). According to Simon (1991), phal lometric measures are commonly obtained by using a strain gauge or mercury in rubber gauge. Penile volume measures, by design, assess volume changes in terms of penis diameter and length. The patient, who is the alleged sexual deviant, is then showed different erotic cues and the degree of sexual arousal is measured. The stimuli might include movies, erotic stories, nudes and audiotaped narratives. Among the stimuli are materials which are considered to be inappropriate in some way. For instance, a pedophile may be assessed by showing the individual pictures of children who are nude and gauging the penile reaction to this. Moreover, in addition to the actual tumescence of the penis, another factor is how long the stimulus is presented. The man is then scored according to how much he was aroused in looking at different inappropriate stimuli (Simon, 1991). This is one way to assess sexual deviancy. There are other ways, and these are described by Hanson and Thornton (2000). They descr ibe ways to conduct risk assessment of pedophiles, and these assessments are used to predict the danger of future recidivism. Hanson and Thornton (2000) describe three different kind of actuarial scales which are used to predict future behavior of pedophiles. One is the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sex Offense Recidivism (RRASOR). This is a test that uses variables which are easily scored – the seven items on this scale are prior sex offenses, prior nonsex offenses, any male victims, any stranger victims, any unrelated victims, marital status and age. The variables are then correlated and calculated into seven different datasets, then averaged using meta-analytic techniques. Another is the Structured Anchored Clinical Judgment (SACJ). This is an assessment technique that uses a stepwise approach – the first step is classifying the person into low, medium or high risk, and this assessment is based upon the offenders convictions; then, in the next steps, the offenders are r eclassified according to protective or aggravating factors. In other words, the offender may be initially considered high risk, but may be reclassified as a lower risk, depending upon different factors. A third type of assessment is known as the Static-99. This is a scale that uses the previous two, and the Static-99 adds together the items from the other two assessments, by using the static factors (Hanson & Thornton, 2000). Another way of assessing sexual deviancy is through the Abel

The recruitment, selection and training methods of LVMH Essay - 1

The recruitment, selection and training methods of LVMH - Essay Example Given below is the systematically defined roadmap for underlying research in order to achieve objective of the research. 3.1 Purpose of Study Human resource management has growingly taken the strategic position in the business management and now organizations have realized the importance of managing human resource strategically. Since realization of fact that human resource is the most important capital asset all scale businesses have started to develop mechanism that ensure increased efficiency in business operations. Further, for developing such mechanism most of the businesses try to replicate mechanism employed at other businesses that have gained success across the board. Hence, the purpose of the research is to explore the human resource management of LVMHs that has gained success as an international organization. More specifically, the research explores the recruitment, selection and training section of the human resource management functions of LVMH. LVMH has 100,000 employed with 80% of the employees working for organization outside the country of origin, France. With such business model, the business has successfully managed the diverse employee base across various countries. Hence, exploring the mentioned functions of LVMH will fulfill the purpose of research of identifying the recruitment, selection and training procedure employed at LVMH. With assessment of the processes the research also fulfills the purpose of aligning information pertaining to the success of LVMH presented in financial statement as well as form K. The other purpose that has been fulfilled by the research in this study is the presentation of recruitment, selection and training procedure for the businesses that intend to replicate the human resource model of successful organization to respective organizations. In addition to the above purposes that would benefit businesses on practical aspects, the research is aimed to contribute to the academic literature the assessment of certai n human resource function of internationally successful organization. As stated the purpose of the above research is to explore information about the organization; hence, the understudy research is regarded to be exploratory research. 3.1.1 Research Question The research question is concisely presenting the objectives of the study. Defining research question the researcher develops postulates that are to be specifically addressed by the research (Patton, 1980). Since every domain of study has its own expansions; therefore, developing research question facilitates the researcher with defining scope of the research to be addressed. With these factors, the researcher in the research presents specified set of questions that study intends to explore. Hence, the research question that underlying research, entitled Recruitment, Selection and Training of LVMH, is aimed to address includes following: What methodologies are adopted at LVMS for developing the candidate base under recruitment? What are the selection techniques employed at LVMH for short listing and then selecting the candidate for the particular job? What training methodologies are employed at LVMH to align the new employees on the same frequency of other employees? It further aims to explore the training methodol

Usability issues in smart phones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Usability issues in smart phones - Essay Example It had a variety of applications including a phone book, a calendar and email facilities. Simon was first marketed in 1994 by Bellsouth and was sold at a very high price. Since then the smart phone has come along way. Today smart phones combine all the functions of a GSM mobile phone with a personal computer. They are also known as personal digital assistant (PDA) phones or personal information managers (PIMs). Almost all smart phones feature a built-in-camera, internet access, e-mail capabilities and numerous multimedia functions like streaming audio and video. They also contain phone books, calendars, memos, stopwatches, calendars, alarm clocks, calculators, to-do lists and various other sorts of organizers. Smart phones can have any additional interface like a miniature QWERTY keyboard, a touch screen, D-pad or a track ball. One of the important features of smart phones is that they allow the user to install additional software, even from third party sources. Most smart phones come with their own operating systems which adds to their functionality and makes programming them that much easier. (Dave and Jonathan, n.d) Operating system is responsible for managing other programs or applications. It also manages the internal memory of the device. For a multitasking operating system it has the job of deciding the order in which each program will run. The operating system is the most important software in any smart phone it manages the phones hardware and software resources. The most common operating systems used in smart phones are Linux is one of the most common operating systems used in smart phones. Linux is an example of Open Source development and free software; unlike proprietary operating systems such as Windows, all of its underlying source code is available to the general public for anyone to freely use, modify, and redistribute subject to the appropriate license agreements. And although Linux is harder to manage than

Social and Economic Concerns in Public Health Essay

Social and Economic Concerns in Public Health - Essay Example Presently, the analysis of public health brings into play social and economic concerns, which were previously overlooked. Despite the expanded focus of this discipline, it has however not shifted its focus, which is the well-being of the community. Public health integrates science and art to establish methodical ways of ensuring the populations is healthy. The systematic ways may be reactive or proactive depending on the health risk or predicament that is being addressed. Modern public health undertakings entail education, which provides a platform upon which the masses and respective communities may be enlightened on how to live in a healthy way. Over the last century, public health has evolved and developed massively. One of the key milestones achieved is the increase in life expectancy. The increase in life expectancy is an indication of the improvement in the public health’s ability to address ailments, which often causes death. Some the key statistics that reflect the pro gressed realized include infant mortality, which denotes the death of children at birth or in their early years (Pfizer Global Pharmaceuticals 5). Over the last one hundred years, public health has also dealt blows to cancerous ailments such as lung cancer, which caused numerous deaths in the 1960s and 1970s. However, when delving into the milestone achieved, it is vital to look at food safety and vaccination, which are proactive ways of enhancing health in communities. Vaccination has helped deal with ailments such as polio on a global scale. Enhanced food safety has also resulted in reduced cases of ailments such as food poisoning, typhoid, and the spread of harmful pathogens that may trigger other ailments. The emergent of a global aspect in public health has necessitated opening up paradigms through which scholars study public health.  

What went wrong with LIBOR, EURIBOR, etc Assignment

What went wrong with LIBOR, EURIBOR, etc - Assignment Example A lot of cases involving misconduct among employees were reported. It is reported that Barclay derivative dealers made several requests to fix the currency rates. The Barclays traders would regularly call the Libor and Euribor traders asking for a specific rate. The liquidity concerns became high in the public domain. Part of this was contributed by the instant collapse of Northern Rock. Investigations were yet underway, but it was almost obvious that Barclays had played a role. At one point, senior treasury managers had to intervene to reduce publicity against Libor. It was later discovered that Libor submissions was being set unrealistically low. It was revealed by Barclay’s agent that they were underreporting as a means of trying to reduce the level of stigma against Libor. From these realizations, the litigation process began in the bid to unveil what was behind this. The matter was undertaken by officials from New York Federal Reserve Bank. The case proceeded up to 2012 when Barclays submitted to misconduct and the bank was fined about $60

Infuluence of Self Concept on Cummunication Essay Example for Free

Infuluence of Self Concept on Cummunication Essay The self-concept is a major influence in communication for many reasons. When two people are communicating, they are doing so by first sending out a message that is composed and shaped entirely by their inner self-concept. The way that a person sees themselves from the inside thus shapes the external messages they will send out into the world. Regardless of a person’s external circumstances or characteristics – say, their height, age, sex, and so on – their internal self-concept may be significantly different and thus affect their communication. This type of self-concept ties into the area of self-esteem. According to researcher Chris Mruk, there are five dimensions to self-esteem: competence (your beliefs about your ability to be effective), worthiness (your beliefs about the degree to which others value you), cognition (your beliefs about your character and personality), affect (how you evaluate yourself and the feelings generated by your evaluation), and stability or change (Mruk, 1995). Our self-esteem is shaped by a number of factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic to us. Our experiences shape our self-esteem as much as our inborn characteristics, and experiences we have as young children can be especially impactful on our self-esteem, with effects that can last for decades or even a lifetime. Our self-concept is also heavily influenced by the people around us, especially those most important to us. This is known as the Pygmalion Effect, and is described in an experiment by psychologists Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson. In the experiment, teachers were told that certain of their students were gifted, with high IQs. In reality, they were of average intelligence. However, at the end of the year, the average students had improved their grades and IQ scores. This was a result of the high expectations of the teachers, who communicated these high expectations to the students by providing them extra positive reinforcement, and non-verbally communicating the fact that they viewed the students as high-achievers. The results of the study clearly demonstrated that the expectations and communications of the teachers influenced the self-concepts of the students (Rosenthal Jacobson, 1968). The concept of the self plays an enormous role in communications because it is crucial for how a person places themselves and the person they are communicating with in the world. How we view ourselves and others is a fundamental component of the communications process. Self-concept provides the foundation which all communication rests on, because in a very real sense these perceptions determine â€Å"whom† is communicating â€Å"what† to â€Å"whom else†.

The meaning and of managing change

The meaning and of managing change The word change itself tends to be very confusing and everybody fears and tends to refuse change. If you ask any employee about change, he/she will have negative responses to change. Despite being complex and confusing yet it is very important due to the changing economic situations facing the world nowadays. However, the meaning of managing change varies according to people. For some people it maybe, a new way toward success for others it may be seen as a way to put its business onto new waves and so on. According to Michael Armstrong, Change management is the process of achieving the smooth implementation of change by planning and introducing it systematically, taking into account the likelihood of it being resisted. Success of implementing change depends largely on the way change it is managed. In this chapter, there will be an overview on different perspectives, importance on change management, including various tools used by researchers to asses change management. 2.2 CHANGE MANAGEMENT 2.2.1 Conceptual matters A.P Sloan (1967) stated that The circumstances of an ever-changing market and an ever-changing product are capable of breaking any business organization if that organization is unprepared for change. In other words, if an organization decides to change it cannot just happen it should be managed properly. 2.2.2 Typologies of change There three types of changes namely: Strategic Change Strategic change is defined as changes in the content of a firms strategy as defined by its scope, resource deployments, competitive advantages, and synergy (Hofer and Schendel, 1978). It is about changing the organizational vision, mission and objectives for a longer term for its betterment. Operational Change Operational change consists of changes occurring in the organizations structures, new systems, procedures or technology, which will contribute towards a better human productivity or increase profitability. According to Gartner, operational change is primordial in the provision of a high IT service quality. Transformational Change Transformational changes occur when there is a shift in the organizational culture resulting from a change in the organizational processes and strategies. 2.2.3 Change Process It is important for organization to understand the change process steps well and subsequently initialize those steps. According to Robert Bacal, it comprises three phases; preparation stage, acceptance stage and commitment stage. Figure 2.0-The steps in the Change Process Preparation Phase: Contact Stage: The very first stage whereby, an individual have direct contact with the possibility of change occurrence. Awareness Stage: The individual is aware that change is being considered. Acceptance Phase: Understanding Stage: Occurs when the individual shows a certain degree of understanding of the nature and intent of change. Positive Perception: The individual starts developing a positive view about change. Commitment Phase: Installation Stage: The change is being implemented and operational. Adoption Stage: The individual has now adopted the change and it is being long time enough to exhibit its positive result and impact. Institutionalization: Change is fully incorporated in the organization and has shown its worth, durability and continuity and is now considered as a routine operating procedures. Internalization: Individuals have become committed to change as they themselves consider it as compatible with their working behaviours, goals and organizational systems. 2.2.4 Change Models Over the past years there have various change models being used, some of the models are described below. Kurt Lewin (1951), The basic mechanisms for managing change In this model Lewin talk about three processes; unfreezing, changing and refreezing. Unfreezing implies changing the current attitudes and behaviours existing at the workplace. However, this process can lead to resistance, so change agent should analyze the possible problems and resolve them. Besides, changing is a process of transition whereby, change starts to be operational. While refreezing occurs once change is implemented and is in need of stabilization. Nevertheless it is a time consuming process, as people will have to adapt to this new development. The process is shown below: Figure 2.2- Lewin Three-Stage Approach to Change There is also a methodology proposed by Lewin for analyzing change, known as Field Force Analysis. This method analyzes the restraining or the driving force which will have an effect on the transition. The restraining force includes those who have a negative view on change. It assesses which one of the two forces has the balance of power. Subsequently, it allow practitioner to take necessary meausres to increase driving force and decrease restraining force. This can be illustrated diagrammatically; Figure 2.3- Source: http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_lewin_force_field_analysis.html Richard Beckhard (1969), change programme Beckhard initiated the following processes; The organization should set out desired goals and future organizational conditions after the change. Identify the current situation of the organization in relation with the goals. Identify the activities and commitment required during the transition to meet future goals. Develop appropriate strategies and action to manage this transition, taking into account factors that might affect this change. Beckhard alongside with David Gleicher developed a Change Equation which is shown below: Figure 2.3-Source: http://www.greatleadershipbydan.com/2009/01/beckhards-change-equation.html According to them the above factors is necessary for any organizational change, which is applicable before and after the change. Keith Thurley (1979) five approaches to managing change According to Thurley, there are five approaches to manage change which are; Directive This is done without any consultation and is imposed onto the people in times of critical situation or when other methods have failed. Bargained Here change is being bargained whereby employer and employee discuss, negotiate, and compromise before implementing change. The views of the employees are being taken into consideration. Hearts and minds This approach force to change the current attitudes, values and beliefs of the workforce. Through this approach, management seeks commitment, and shared vision from the workforce which does not mean participation. Analytical Analytical approach demonstrates clear definition of problem by diagnosing and analyzing the situation. Afterwards, collect data to set objectives and design change process and finally evaluating the result. This theoretical approach is very difficult to do in practice. Action-based It starts with a broad idea of the problem and it uses trial and error to get a better solution. It is less analytical and more involving. 2.2.5 Resistance to Change People resist change because they fear of the unknown, and thus create negative feelings about change. People want stability and equilibrium in their lives as well as working life and so resist changes. 2.2.5.1 Joan Woodward (1968), reasons for resisting change According to Joan Woodward (1968), resistance to change are due to: Fearing the unknown Many people are suspicious about change because it will disturb their method of work, or working conditions, thus they have a feeling of insecurity. Economic fear People may feel if changes occur they might lose their job. Inconvenience They think changes will make their life difficult. Symbolic fear Changes may affect some symbolic issues that people are attached to, like separate offices etc. Threat to interpersonal relationships They believe that changes may disrupt their working relationships. Menace to status and skill They tend to associate change to a method of de-skilling or a reduction in the status level. Competence fears If changes occur, they fear that they will not be able to adapt to new working demands and lack competencies. 2.2.5.2 Overcoming resistance to change Resistance to change is a problematic situation which organization should overcome. Organization can use the Six Change Approaches (Kotter and Schlesinger) to deal with resistance to change, for example: Education and Communication One of the reason people resist change is because, there is a lack of sharing of information. So management must, share and communicate information about the motives behind the change to its people. Participation and Involvement When employees are involved and participate in the change, they are more enthusiasm about change and hence do not resist change. Facilitation and Support Upper management must support and facilitate the transition; they should help them to overcome their fears, through counseling, mentoring and so on. Negotiation and Agreement Managers may negotiate with group of employees which possess enough power to influence resistance to change. They may offer incentives or make agreement between them to combat resistance. Manipulation and Co-option Kotter and Schlensinger have proposed a method of manipulation and co-option when all other methods seem to be ineffective. This technique manipulates people who are resisting change. An example can be, giving a symbolic role in decision making to a leader. However, if they find out they are manipulated, they will drive resistance to change higher. Explicit and Implicit Coercion This is the last resort that managers used, that is forcing employees to accept change, this can be effected through fear, by threatening employees lost of job, no career prospects and so on. 2.2.6 Implementing Change Nadler and Tushman (1980) have developed some guidelines for effective implementation of change: Motivate people to accept and adapt to changes. Good management and control should be ensured during and after transition through communication and proper image of the future. Ensure that politics dynamics support changes rather than reject it. Build stability of new structures and changes. In addition to these guidelines, changes will take place smoothly with the help of a change agent who can be internal or external. 2.2.7 Organizational Transformation Organizational transformation as per Cummins and Worley (2005) is A process of radically altering the organizations strategic direction, including fundamental changes in structures, processes and behaviours. John P Kotter ((The Heart of Change, 2002) introduced strategies for organizational transformation, which is summed up below: Increase urgency Make real and achievable objectives and drive motivation. Build the guiding team Build a team with right people possessing right kind attitudes, skills, commitment and so on Get the right vision Make the team build simple vision and strategy and focus on emotional and creative aspect for more efficiency Communicate Communicate to people and encourage them to participate. Empowerment Organization should empower its people, remove all obstacles, provide 360 degree feedback, support and recognize and reward them accordingly. Create short term wins Create short achievable aims, which are easy to attain. Organizations should also finish existing aims before starting new ones. Never give up Always encourage and motivate and communicate forecasted results. Stabilize change Once change is implemented should make it stick, by creating a culture of change in the organization. 2.2.8 Role of HR in managing change According to Ulrich (1997) the key role of HR practitioners during change, is to act as a change agent and thus provide for organizational transformation and cultural change. 2.2.8.1 HR practitioners as change agents There are four dimensions according to Caldwell (2001) that classify HR change agent: Transformational Change These are changes having a great impact on HR policies and practices of a business. Incremental Change It is gradual modification of HR policies and practices that have little effect on its activities. HR Vision Set of values and beliefs relating to HR functions which are a strategic business partner. HR Expertise HR professionals can use their expertise and knowhow to contribute for business success. 2.2.8.1 HR contribution in change management Ulrich (1998) says that HR practitioners are not fully comfortable or compatible in the role of change agent. Therefore their duty is not to perform change but is to ensure that change is implemented. Their contributions are mostly about implementing structures, systems etc that support change. So they will have to motivate, communicate and involve people in change management. HR specialist must also provide proper training and development programmes so that employees can upgrade their skills, behaviours to adapt to change. 2.3 Conclusion Changes always happen, so to remain up to date organization should invest in change management. Upper level management should feel the need for change and communicate to its people. Additionally, management should never be demotivated even if there is resistant, they should be perseverant and continue to encourage people to accept change. You should be the change that you want to see in the world Mahatma Gandhi. Information from this literature was used to develop the research methodology in Chapter 4.

Physics is Everywhere Essay -- Essays Papers

Physics is Everywhere Essay As Fall comes to a close and winter is upon us we can take an opportunity to reflect. Fall is the season of many events. For some it is the turning of the leaves that make it so memorable. For students, the excitement of a new school year and what that brings is always on the mind. Also on the mind of students, and professional fans alike, is the exhilaration and anticipation of a new season on the gridiron. This past fall I had the unique chance to document this exhilaration in a different manner. I chose to view the game of football through the eyes of science, physical science in particular. And with my own eyes, I will never view a football game in quite the same way again. Dr. Timothy Gay, a professor of physics at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln said, â€Å"Football is a manifestation of physics and it’s something people can relate to. It’s physics in action† (http://physics.unl.edu/outreach/football.html). Dr. Gay is right! What effect does altitude have on the flight of a kicked ball? How do Newton's laws of motion apply to blocking and tackling? What does the science of physics tell me about the best possible chase strategies for defensive backs? To get even simpler, when you throw a football across the yard to a friend, you are using physics. You make adjustments for all the factors, such as distance, wind and the weight of the ball. The farther away your friend is, the harder you have to throw the ball, or the steeper the angle of your throw. This adjustment is done in your head, and even with a soft grip of physics I have from one quarter with Dr. Mike Grams, I can tell you that these factors relate to physics. In this essay, I hope to demonstrate the scienc... ...tinctive, most players and coaches don't consciously translate the mechanics of physics into the game. By making that translation, we can understand and appreciate even more just how amazing some of the physical feats on the football field really are. Works Cited Football Physics with Dr. Tim Gay. 01 Feb. 2001. University of Nebraska. 15 Nov. 2005. Gay, Ph.D., Timothy. Football Physics: The Science of the Game. Emmaus: Rodale, 2004. Grams Ph.D., Mike. 15 Sept 2005- 17 Nov 2005. Lecture. 21st Century Physics and Astronomy. University of Denver Department of Physics. 2005 Hewitt, Paul G. Conceptual Physics: tenth edition. San Francisco: Pearson, 2006. The Physics of Football. 03 Mar. 2003. The American Physical Society. 15 Nov. 2005.

Use of Poetic Devices in Thomas Hardys Poem, The Convergence of the Twain :: Hardy Convergence Twain

Use of Poetic Devices in Thomas Hardy’s Poem, The Convergence of the Twain Using distinctive diction, detailed imagery, and references to God, Thomas Hardy portrays his perspective of the sinking of â€Å"Titanic† in his poem, â€Å"The Convergence of the Twain.† Employing these poetic mechanisms, Hardy claims that the sinking of the Titanic was fate and meant to happen. The title furthermore portrays the coming together of the hemispheres as Titanic and God. Hardy uses strong meaningful diction to convey his thoughts of the sinking of the Titanic. Words such as â€Å"vaingloriousness†, â€Å"opulent†, and â€Å"jewels in joy† illustrate Titanic for the reader so that he/she can picture the greatness of the ship. Phrases such as â€Å"Lie lightless, all their sparkles bleared and black and blind† describe what the Titanic looked after the sinking, loosing all of its great features. Hardy’s use of strong, describing diction depicts his view of the ship, before and after. In addition to the use of colorful diction, Hardy employs detailed imagery. The phrase â€Å"Dim moon-eyed fishes near Gaze at the guilded gear† depicts fishes looking at the sunk Titanic and wondering what â€Å"this vaingloriousness† was doing under the sea. He also mentions in the third stanza how the â€Å"jewels in joy designed To ravish the sensuous mind† were all lost and covered by darkness. Using these detailed images, Hardy is portraying the contrasts of before the ship sunk and after. Using powerful diction and verbose imagery, Hardy furthermore instills his attitude of the sinking up employing references to God indirectly. When he states that â€Å"The Immanent Will that stirs and urges everything Prepared a sinister mate†, he is referring to God and how fate made the iceberg. He also refers to the power of God again when he says, â€Å"Till the Spinner of the Years Said, ‘Now!’.† In this phrase, he conveys that God said it was time for the people onboard the Titanic to go down under. Hardy’s references to God supported his own claim that fate claimed the Titanic. Use of Poetic Devices in Thomas Hardy's Poem, The Convergence of the Twain :: Hardy Convergence Twain Use of Poetic Devices in Thomas Hardy’s Poem, The Convergence of the Twain Using distinctive diction, detailed imagery, and references to God, Thomas Hardy portrays his perspective of the sinking of â€Å"Titanic† in his poem, â€Å"The Convergence of the Twain.† Employing these poetic mechanisms, Hardy claims that the sinking of the Titanic was fate and meant to happen. The title furthermore portrays the coming together of the hemispheres as Titanic and God. Hardy uses strong meaningful diction to convey his thoughts of the sinking of the Titanic. Words such as â€Å"vaingloriousness†, â€Å"opulent†, and â€Å"jewels in joy† illustrate Titanic for the reader so that he/she can picture the greatness of the ship. Phrases such as â€Å"Lie lightless, all their sparkles bleared and black and blind† describe what the Titanic looked after the sinking, loosing all of its great features. Hardy’s use of strong, describing diction depicts his view of the ship, before and after. In addition to the use of colorful diction, Hardy employs detailed imagery. The phrase â€Å"Dim moon-eyed fishes near Gaze at the guilded gear† depicts fishes looking at the sunk Titanic and wondering what â€Å"this vaingloriousness† was doing under the sea. He also mentions in the third stanza how the â€Å"jewels in joy designed To ravish the sensuous mind† were all lost and covered by darkness. Using these detailed images, Hardy is portraying the contrasts of before the ship sunk and after. Using powerful diction and verbose imagery, Hardy furthermore instills his attitude of the sinking up employing references to God indirectly. When he states that â€Å"The Immanent Will that stirs and urges everything Prepared a sinister mate†, he is referring to God and how fate made the iceberg. He also refers to the power of God again when he says, â€Å"Till the Spinner of the Years Said, ‘Now!’.† In this phrase, he conveys that God said it was time for the people onboard the Titanic to go down under. Hardy’s references to God supported his own claim that fate claimed the Titanic.

Essay --

In the last couple of years there has been increasing amount of American soldiers being relived from active duty, being sent back to their family and friends. As these men and woman return from war they struggle to reintegrate into their civilian lives. Such strains as Post Traumatic stress disorder and very few job opportunities pose a problem. Eddie Ray Routh a former solider had many strains in his life, which eventually lead him to murder American hero Chris Kyle and Chad Littlefield. Using criminologist Robert Agnew’s â€Å"General Strain Theory†, I will explain the motives behind these murders. Former navy seal Chris Kyle was known as, â€Å"one of America’s deadliest military snipers (Fernandez & Schwirtz, 2013).† Mr. Kyle earned his reputation in Iraq fighting the war on terror killing an estimated 150 Iraqi insurgents. Throughout his time as navy seal he earned two silver stars and five bronze stars for acts of valor. Once Mr. Kyle retired from the military he wrote a book called the, â€Å"American sniper: the Autobiography of the most lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History†. This c...

Capital Punishment: A Global Perspective Essay

               Capital punishment is also called the death penalty. It refers to the legal process where a criminal is put to death by the state, to act as a punishment for a crime that they have committed. The judgment of the jury that a person should get punished in this manner is known as a death sentence while the enforcement is an execution. Crimes that can lead to capital punishment are referred to as capital crimes or capital offenses and include murder, rape, and treason. Reasons for capital punishment Some of the reasons that support capital punishment include;                      Guilty people should get punished in proportion and magnitude to the severity of the crime they have committed. Real justice in essence requires people to suffer for their wrong doing, in an appropriate manner for their crime. Each criminal obtains what their crime deserves, and a murderer or a rapist deserves death.                         Prisoner parole or escapes can give criminals another chance to kill. Could be that the biggest reason to keep the death penalty is to prevent a crime from repeating itself. As much as a criminal is sentenced to life imprisonment, he or she still has a chance to kill while in prison. He is capable of killing his or her fellow inmates, or even the prison wardens. Worse still, a criminal can escape from prison and go on a murder or crime spree. Capital punishment prevents this process of re-offending. Those executed cannot commit more crimes. Execution removes the danger posed to the public by the criminal.                     Capital punishment promotes deterrence. By execution of criminals, it is possible to deter capable murderers from killing people. Crime would become more common if there were no means of deterring people from committing it.                  In case the death penalty is eliminated, it can contribute to the problem of overpopulation in the prison system. This means that the number of prisoners being housed for life will increase. This only adds to the problem of an overcrowded prison system and the facilities in that particular prison could be greatly overstretched. Reasons against capital punishment                     Mentally ill patients may be put to death. Most of the capital crimes are committed in an emotional state in which the perpetrator doesn’t think about possible outcomes. Some people are born with brain defects that cause them to act in unacceptable ways. It could be unconstitutional to put a mentally ill person to death. However, rules have a chance of being vague, and besides, one still needs to convince a jury that the defendant is of unsound mind.                  The court goes to great lengths before settling on a death sentence. During this period, there are endless appeals and required procedures which cause congestion on the court system. These appeals and hearings consume time of judges and other court employees, as well as use up courtrooms and facilities. This time could have been used to resolve other matters if the criminal were sentenced to life imprisonment.                   The society should move away from the revenge mentality. This is because a revenge philosophy leads to an endless circle of violence. Society should be made aware that attacking one’s enemy for revenge always worsens the situation. Besides, capital punishment is useless because it does not bring the victim back to life. Hate, revenge and anger cannot cure the emptiness of a lost loved one.                  Capital punishment does not rehabilitate the criminal or other potential criminals. Instead, it sends wrong signals to the society. It does not make sense for the state to punish someone who has committed murder through murder. Conclusion                        In conclusion, capital punishment should not be brought back because it violates the Bill of Rights. This is because it involves taking away the life of another person. The bill of rights states that everybody has a right to live. When somebody is executed, the right to life is greatly infringed. Besides, punishment of the death penalty is irrevocable. Once carried out it cannot be reversed. When somebody has been executed, it is impossible to bring them back to life. Capital punishment should thus be avoided at all costs.                     Any punishment must be fair, just, adequate and most of all enforceable. Society still views murder as the greatest crime, and should be met with the most severe punishment, which is capital punishment. Whole life imprisonment could fit punishment for murderers. This is because, in prison, the criminals are isolated from their families and are confined in the walls of a prison for the rest of their lives. However, according to many people, life imprisonment seems to be a soft opinion to punish capital criminals, and this perception needs to be corrected in order to do away with capital punishment.                   Imprisonment, whilst expensive and largely pointless, except as a means of removing criminals from society for a given period, is at least enforceable upon anyone who commits murder. Besides, the jury members will not suffer from a guilty conscience of ever passing a verdict for the death of a person. From the arguments on reasons against capital punishment, I should be done away with because it is an inhumane practice. References Hood, R. (n.d.). Capital Punishment: A Global Perspective. Punishment & Society, 331-354. Melusky, J., & Pesto, K. (2011). Capital punishment. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood. Source document

Romeo and Juliet – Guilty Deaths

Deaths The Shakespearian play Romeo and Juliet is a well known story about star-crossed lovers whose fates end in tragedy. The deaths of these two lovers can be held responsible on two main characters, Friar Lawrence and the Nurse yet out of the two, who is more liable? Friar Lawrence is a priest who marries the two lovers, gives Juliet a fake potion to prevent her from marrying Paris, fails to send the letter to Romeo telling him about his plan and selfishly runs away from Juliet in fear that he would get into trouble for his involvement.The Nurse is Juliet’s lifelong caregiver who helps Juliet and her lover get married, becomes their â€Å"messenger† and later on in the play, changes her mind on who Juliet should be with. The physical actions and guidance of both the Friar and Nurse demonstrate their liability for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. Although, it is undeniable that Friar Lawrence is more to blame than the Nurse on the deaths of Romeo and Juliet through his guidance, advice and physical actions throughout the play.In the play, Romeo and Juliet are very young and constantly seek advice and guidance of people older and supposedly wiser than them, like Friar Lawrence and the Nurse. What is unclear to them is that the advice and guidance that they receive comes with many consequences, and for Romeo and Juliet, it is death. Throughout the course of the Shakespearian play, Friar Lawrence gives the couple a lot of advice and guidance. To avoid marrying Paris, he tells Juliet to pretend to be dead with the help of a special potion he made.As part of the plan, he was supposed to inform Romeo of this arrangement yet he fails which later costs him his own life along with Juliet’s. â€Å"Come I’ll dispose of thee/ Among a sisterhood of holy nuns/ Stay not to question, for the watch is coming/ Come, go good Juliet. I dare no longer stay/† (Shakespeare 5. 3 155) demonstrates how selfish he was as he left the Capulet tomb and le t Juliet kill herself instead of attempting to help her. By letting her die alongside Romeo, he is more responsible for their deaths. The second character that holds responsibility for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet through her advice to Juliet is the Nurse.Throughout, the Nurse seems to admire Romeo. She praises him for his love for Juliet and seems to be fond of their marital union. After Atabani 2 a heated discussion between Lady Capulet, Capulet and Juliet about whether or not she should marry Paris, she changes her mind about Romeo and their marriage. She believes that because he is exiled from Verona that he should be dead to Juliet. Romeo is banished, and all the world to nothing. That he dares ne'er come back to challenge you. Or, if he do, it needs must be by stealth. Then, since the case so stands as now it doth.I think it best you married with the county. Oh, he’s a lovely gentleman. Romeo’s a dishclout to him. An eagle, madam, Hath not so green, so quick, s o fair an eye As Paris hath. Beshrew my very heart. I think you are happy in this second match. For it excels your first. Or if it did not. Your first is dead, or ’twere as good he were. As living here and you no use of him (3. 5 88) All through the play, it is clear that the Nurse is a very mother like character to Juliet therefore when she gave Juliet advice on who to marry, the Nurse was attempting to advocate bigamy.This upsets Juliet and because of the advice the Nurse gives her, she goes to Friar Lawrence in seek of a remedy for her aching heart. Although both the Nurse and Friar Lawrence may have seemed to have good intentions in giving advice to Romeo and Juliet about their star-crossed love, the Friar’s words of advice makes him more accountable for their deaths. In Romeo and Juliet, the fulfillment of certain actions leads to the play's tragic ending, death. In the play Friar Lawrence is one of the characters whom commits physical acts that makes him responsi ble for the deaths of the lovers.Firstly, he marries the two lovers in a secret ceremony with only the Nurse attending. By performing their marriage, he defies their fates and bonds them as star-crossed lovers, which leads to their devastating deaths. After, the Friar’s realization of their forbidden love he states â€Å"In one respect I’ll thy assistant be/ For this alliance may so happy prove/ To turn your households rancor to pure love† (2. 3 46). He marries them against Atabani 3their families in hopes that he may end the feud that divides the Capulets and the Montagues.By creating a marital union between the Juliet and Romeo, the Friar creates more hatred between the families that builds up to the conclusion. By marrying them, the Friar makes himself more accountable for the suicides of Romeo and Juliet. The second character who is physically liable for the deaths of the star – crossed lovers is the Nurse. After the Prince exiles Romeo to Mantua for murdering Tybalt, the Nurse plays a â€Å"messenger† role, in which she continuously goes back and forth between the two lovers. She helps them be Atabani 3 ogether even though she knows that both the Capulets and Montagues would disapprove. The Nurse would also constantly bring news from Romeo to Juliet about their blooming love and later, their marriage. Now, afore God, I am so vexed that every part about me quivers. Scurvy knave! Pray you, sir, a word And as I told you my young lady bid me inquire you out. What she bade me say, I will keep to myself. But first let me tell ye, if ye should lead her into a fool’s paradise as they say, it were a very gross kind of behavior, as they say.For the gentlewoman is young, and therefore, if you should deal double with her, truly it were an ill thing to be offered to any gentlewoman and very weak dealing (2. 4 53) are the words of The Nurse while she is explaining to Romeo about her role as a messenger between both Juliet and R omeo. If the Nurse had considered what would happen to this couple, she may not have wanted to become their messenger and risk their lives like she did. As a result of both the Friar and the Nurse’s involvement physically they can both be held accountable for the deaths of the lovers, yet it is evident that Friar Lawrence can be considered more responsible.Through his guidance, advice and physical actions throughout the play, it is undeniable that Friar Lawrence is more to blame than the Nurse on the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. The Shakespearian play Romeo and Juliet written in 1590 explores many different themes including fate, love and death. The deaths of the protagonists Romeo and Juliet can be blamed on the physical actions, guidance and advice of both the Friar and Nurse. This later demonstrates who is more responsible for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet.The Nurse’s actions, advice and assistance includes helping the lovers get their marriage, becoming their †Å"messenger† and later on in the play and changing her overall idea about the marriage between Juliet and Romeo. The actions, guidance and advice that Friar Lawrence administrates to both Romeo and Juliet include marrying the two lovers, giving Juliet the potion, failing to send the letter to Romeo in time and selfishly running away from Juliet in fear that he would get into trouble for his involvement make him more responsible than the Nurse.

An Outline Of English Education System Education Essay

This essay is entitled ‘An lineation of the British instruction system. ‘ and it particularly concentrates on explicating some relevant issues refering primary schools in this state. The essay negotiations about three subjects, all of them divided in three paragraphs: the first 1 is a historical background and a cardinal component that may assist us clear up today ‘s construction, referred to in the undermentioned paragraph. Since we are populating in a society ruled by the new engineerings, the last paragraph focal points on the importance given to the ICTs in British schools. The essay concludes by foregrounding what, in my sentiment, are the chief strengths of the educative system in the United Kingdom. As stated by some historiographers, the roots of British instruction can be found in the mid 6th century. It was non nevertheless until the 17th century, when the first ‘schools ‘ were built. At that clip, instruction belonged to the Catholic Church which was committed to learning the rules of Christianity, by edifice schools. Harmonizing to the writer Denis Haye, the Nineteen century saw the birth of the first province schools. At that clip, these were still controlled by the Church which used to present hapless kids to the chief affairs of Church ‘s beliefs. However, it was non until the mid-century when the State starts deriving some control over instruction, presenting a wider assortment of topics. Among all the instruction acts that have passed in the history of British instruction, it is of import to concentrate on two of them, since they may assist us clear up the roots of today ‘s construction. The besides referred to as ‘The Scottish Act ‘ , is born in 1872 and harmonizing to the online article ‘Key Dates in Education ‘ it is known for doing ‘school attending compulsory from the age of 5 to 12 old ages old ‘ . Another instruction act to be drawn up took topographic point in 1944, and is in my sentiment, of import to foreground because from this clip on primary school kids are exempted of paying tuition fees. With this new instruction act a three-party system was introduced in British instruction system, and this led to the creative activity of alleged proficient, grammar and modern schools. While analyzing the history of the instruction system, it is decisive to travel back to the twelvemonth 1988 when the national course of study is introduced in British schools, including English, Maths, Science, and Religion as mandatory topics. From 2010 ‘MFLT ‘ , which stands for ‘Modern Foreign Languages Teaching ‘ is besides an obligatory topic. It is so the creative activity of the national course of study, likely considered the most of import fact that may assist us accomplish a better apprehension of today ‘s system. The writer Denis Haye who wrote ‘Primary Education: the Key Concepts ‘ , claims that in the twentieth century, merely after the debut of the national course of study, kids were obligated to analyze in school from 5 to 11 old ages old and this ‘primary phase ‘ was followed by a specific instruction which would stop at the age of 16. It is because of the national course of study that today ‘s students go to school at the age of 5 and leave when they turn 11. The writer besides claims that there is a minor measure of educational Centres which accept kids from the age of 8 to 12 called ‘deemed in-between ‘ in his words, while others referred to as ‘first ‘ accept 5-8 or 9 year-old students. Today ‘s British primary instruction ‘s construction could non be analysed without bearing in head what is in my sentiment the chief strength of the British system: the assortment of schools offered to parents and British students. On the Department of Education ‘s web page, some of the chief types of schools can be found, set uping a division in three subdivisions: ‘mainstream province schools, province schools with peculiar features and specializer schools ‘ in the first subdivision. ‘Trust and Voluntary controlled/aided schools ‘ in the 2nd. Faith schools, academies and grammar schools besides belong to the 2nd subdivision. In the 3rd group the Department includes ‘Independent schools ‘ . This last sort, as its name shows, is governed by an independent organic structure which harmonizing to the Department of Education have their ain ‘curriculum and admittance policies ‘ . Since we are populating in a society ruled by the information engineerings, a valuable facet to be drawn up, is without a uncertainty the version of the ICTs ( the information and communicating engineerings ) to the British instruction system, paying a particular attending to the primary instruction Centres. The British Department of Education claims that the acceptance of the information and communicating engineerings ( ICTs ) to today ‘s primary schools radically improves the instruction Centre ‘s degree. It was in the twelvemonth 2002, when the Education and Training inspectorate wrote a study which highlighted the positive facets of incorporating the ICTs in the UK schools. In most schools, both the pupil ‘s acquisition and the quality of learning were shown to be ‘satisfactory ‘ . Most of them used a great figure of applications such as developing web pages, utilizing societal webs for educational intents, directing electronic mails and utilizing we b-cams, to advert but a few of them. This study besides indicates that the debut of the ICTs in primary school ‘s schoolrooms and lessons notably increases the student ‘s motive and enthusiasm to larn. The Department of Education besides claims that the information and communicating engineerings have been adapted to the course of study of several schools in the UK for the past 5 old ages, including ICT as a compulsory topic. In my sentiment, the chief advantage of the ICTs likely relies on its positive effects on kids ‘s attending and involvement, and this is one of the grounds why there are an even higher figure of centres which are integrating them. While looking for information on this affair, I found two relevant articles in two different newspapers which show a clear illustration of how these engineerings are being adapted to instruction. The first article belongs to the journalist Borland, and appeared in ‘The Guardian ‘ . It talks about a school in the UK which bought a twosome of Wiis in order to ‘boost student ‘s enthusiasm for athletics ‘ utilizing the new Wii Fit Plus. This new Wii application, the author claims, is focused on assorted fittingness exercises proved to be good for the kids ‘s wellness, particularly for sedentary 1s. Borland besides states that although this inaugural foremost received a really positive feedback from most people, there were other voices avering that a picture console should ne'er take the topographic point of traditional drills or exercisings. Another article to be taken into history, was written by The Telegraph ‘ s instruction editor Graeme Paton who states that a school in the UK has decided to present Twitter, the UK ‘s widely known societal web as a topic. Children, nevertheless, will non merely be taught how to utilize this web for academic intents ( if there are any ) but besides to pass on by utilizing Skype and develop online web logs. To reason this essay, it is of import to advert that the British instruction system likely stands out for the tremendous assortment of schools offered to kids and parents while in other states merely three or four types of schools. Furthermore, the last paragraph can so be interpreted as an illustration of the version of this system to today ‘s new coevals of kids, heightening educational positions, and eventually providing for wider demands. 1,200 words. Group Research Proposal Research job: What are the chief types of intimidation in primary and secondary schools? How can this job be tackled? Why is this statement of import? Bullying is a job nowadays in current primary and secondary schools, usually impacting kids from four to sixteen old ages old. Not merely students are involved, but besides parents and instructors who, in most instances, do non even know the truth or hide the maltreatment. There are different sorts of strong-arming which, can be divided into five groups: verbal, physical, emotional, cyber-bullying, and homophobic. In the verbal and emotional intimidation, the bully uses disrespectful comments and endangering words which intend to harm the victim. This is likely one of the worst sorts since kids are physiologically affected, making in most instances traumas taking to societal issues such phobic disorders to develop relationships with other schoolmates due to a low self-pride. In physical intimidation, the culprit intends to impact physically the mark by fall backing to violent Acts of the Apostless such as striking, pluging or drawing without holding a necessary ground to make so. Cyb er-bullying is considered to be a comparatively new sort, due to the development of new engineerings. It non merely affects students in the schoolrooms but outside in the existent universe, by utilizing calumniatory pictures printing the maltreatment on the cyberspace. The last type, homophobic intimidation, is related to the kid ‘s sexual orientation utilizing derogative footings such as homosexual or even the ugly ‘faggot ‘ . These are but a few of an eternal list of other sorts of strong-arming. Analyzing this job is of import since it non merely might assist those who need it most, it can besides clear up one of the darkest facets of human behavior towards the others. Methodology In order to transport on this research, it is critical to entree to different beginnings of information. Not merely books can assist us with this affair ; articles published in bookman or public newspapers, every bit good as telecasting interviews or scholarly plans can be really helpful. A really relevant docudrama on affair, entitled ‘The Red Balloon House ‘ aired on the BBC last month will be born in head while developing the research. This is a charity organisation taking to assist kids who suffer from school phobic disorders due to strong-arming maltreatments. This documental offers a close unmasking of this affair, clear uping many facets about the chief effects of this sort of maltreatment. Another utile method to be taken into history, nevertheless hard and hazardous, is transporting on a private interview with a primary beginning, a victim. Literature Review ‘Aspectos psicol & amp ; oacute ; gicos de la violencia juvenil ‘ hypertext transfer protocol: //portales.educared.net/convivenciaescolar/contenidos/biblioteca002.pdf ‘Bullying ‘ hypertext transfer protocol: //portales.educared.net/convivenciaescolar/contenidos/biblioteca003.pdf ‘Convivencia escolar Y prevenci & A ; oacute ; n de la violencia ‘ hypertext transfer protocol: //portales.educared.net/convivenciaescolar/contenidos/biblioteca015.pdf ‘Convivencia nut los centros educativos ‘ hypertext transfer protocol: //portales.educared.net/convivenciaescolar/contenidos/biblioteca011.pdf ‘Acoso Lepidocybium flavobrunneum. Gu & A ; iacute ; a parity chicas Y Marx ‘ hypertext transfer protocol: //portales.educared.net/convivenciaescolar/contenidos/guia.pdf ‘La actuaci & A ; oacute ; n ante el maltrato entre iguales en el centro educativo ‘ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.obrasocialcajamadrid.es/Ficheros/CMA/ficheros/OSSoli_MenorMaltrato.PDF Decision Bullying is a societal job that affects more often all rhythms of instruction. Everybody should go cognizant of this job and seek to stop up these maltreatments by the application of methods and efficient solutions to it. Individual Research Proposal Research Problem Undertaking intimidation in the U.K. primary schools. What are its roots and types? What are the chief effects on the psychological wellness of today ‘s students? Why is this statement of import? Strong-arming in primary and secondary schools in the UK, is so a job that has been stalking British students since the first schools were built in the 19th century. This leads us to oppugn ourselves about strong-arming ‘s roots, what they are and how they can assist us eliminate this job from abrasion. Harmonizing to the instruction newsman Kristin Rushowy organize the US newspaper ‘The Star ‘ , strong-arming ‘s roots can be found in the tough ‘s household relationships. In most instances, Rushowy claims, toughs come from ‘blended ‘ or ‘single-parent ‘ households, and feel they ca n't trust on their parents who act in an overprotecting manner. Although it is a fact that schools are built in order to supply a good instruction for our society ‘s kids, parents besides have the responsibility to educate their kids in tolerance, and regard towards their schoolmates and all the members of society. However, it is non ever this man ner and it is so an issue to be analysed in deepness. The rise of the new information and communicating engineerings which as I stated in my essay, are being adapted to today ‘s primary schools in the UK, have a negative consequence on this affair. Students who are taught how to utilize societal webs as ‘Twitter ‘ unconsciously tend to utilize this cognition to hassle other kids. This is a comparatively new type of strong-arming referred as ‘cyber-bullying ‘ . As happens to other sorts of strong-arming such as, homophobic, it has so an inauspicious impact on pupil ‘s mental wellness. Harmonizing to Doctor Marc Dombeck in his article ‘The long clip effects of Bullying ‘ short-termed effects such as choler, depression and self-destructive ideas can take to the long term ‘increased inclination to be a lone wolf ‘ self-esteem jobs, and trouble in swearing people. These are but a few of the negative impact of Bullying and it is so a affair to be researched on. Methodology To transport out this research, I will bear in head some online articles published in British and American newspapers, every bit good as some ushers published by the British Department for kids, schools and households and an essay I wrote refering British primary instruction. Literature Review The first beginning to be considered is a usher published by the Department for kids, schools and households, entitled ‘safe to Learn: Implanting anti-bullying in Schools ‘ , since it is a perfect lineation of this issue. Another usher published by the old section entitled ‘homophobic strong-arming ‘ is besides to be considered. Assorted on-line articles written by experts on this affair as Dr. Marc Dombeck ‘The long clip effects of Bullying ‘ are besides to be born in head. An essay written by myself entitled ‘An lineation of Primary instruction in the UK ‘ which is focused, among other issues on the version of the ICT in today ‘s schools, may assist us clear up the roots of cyber-bullying. Decision Although Bullying is a job that has already been researched on by many experts, there are some chief issues such as its roots or psychological effects that still need to be examined in deepness. Self- Appraisal The Cardiff University ‘s faculty entitled ‘Introduction to Academic Study in the UK ‘ has notoriously helped me develop and better my research accomplishments. Although in the grade I am presently analyzing I had already been taught how to mention utilizing the Modern Language Association ( MLA ) ‘s manner, it is ever utile to larn how to cite utilizing the Harvard manner, since it is the 1 that is usually used in the United Kingdom. The ‘Research accomplishments ‘ seminar, was besides decisive since it taught me to research utilizing academic beginnings and databases. I had no old cognition about it and it helped me while be aftering essays for some of my faculties. The talk on critical thought was so really advantageous since it was an tremendous aid while composing my two critical analyses for the faculty ‘The Victorian Novel ‘ from a subjective and critical point of position. The talk on the ways UK ‘ pupils are assessed and the Markss used, was besides really appealing and interesting since I come from an abroad ‘ University with a wholly different construction. To stop up I would wish to advert that although unluckily I could non go to the ‘peer-review ‘ seminar and therefore it has been impossible for me to analyze other pupil ‘s proposals including my findings in this piece of authorship, I have taken into history some feedback I received from the schoolmates I worked with, in order to compose my ain research proposal. I have considered rewriting the proposal, being specially focused on altering the research inquiry because ‘it was excessively wide ‘ .